Isingeniso somkhiqizo
Railway truss bridge ibhekisela ebhulohweni eline-truss njengengxenye eyinhloko ethwala umthwalo we-superstructure. Ibhuloho le-truss ngokuvamile lakhiwa uhlaka lwebhuloho eliyinhloko, amasistimu okuxhumana angaphezulu naphansi avundlile kanye ne-longitudinal, ifreyimu yephothali yebhuloho kanye ne-brace cross intermediate, kanye nesistimu yedekhi yebhuloho.
Isicelo somkhiqizo
Ngokujwayelekile isetshenziselwa amabhuloho wesitimela noma ama-viaducts kaloliwe kanye nama-overpasses anezikhala ezincane.
Ukwakheka Komkhiqizo
1. Ibhuloho le-truss liwuhlobo lwebhuloho.
2. Amabhuloho e-Truss avame ukubonakala kojantshi besitimela nasemigwaqweni esheshayo; Ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili ze-upper chord force kanye ne-low chord force.
3. I-truss yenziwe nge-upper chord, i-low chord kanye ne-belly rod; Ifomu lenduku yesisu lihlukaniswe libe yinduku yesisu e-oblique, induku yesisu eqondile; Ngenxa yobude obukhulu kanye nobuncane benduku ngokwayo, nakuba ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinduku kungase "kulungiswe", umzuzu wangempela wokugoba wenduku ngokuvamile uncane kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuklama nokuhlaziywa kungenziwa lula ngokuthi "ku-hinged".
4.Ku-truss, i-chord amalungu akha i-periphery ye-truss, kuhlanganise nechord ephezulu kanye nechord engezansi. Amalungu axhuma amachords aphezulu naphansi abizwa ngokuthi amalungu ewebhu. Ngokwezikhombisi-ndlela ezihlukene zamalungu ewebhu, ahlukaniswe ama-diagonal rods kanye nezinduku eziqondile.
Indiza lapho ama-chords nama-webs etholakala khona ibizwa ngokuthi indiza ehlanganisa ama-main. Ukuphakama kwebhuloho lebhuloho elikhulukazi kuyashintsha ngokuhambisana ne-span ukuze kwakheke intambo egobile; ama-spans aphakathi nendawo amancane asebenzisa ukuphakama kwe-truss okuqhubekayo, okubizwa ngokuthi i-flat string truss noma intambo yentambo eqondile. Isakhiwo se-truss singakhiwa sibe ibhuloho noma ibhuloho le-arch, futhi singasetshenziswa njengesigxobo esiyinhloko (noma i-stiffening beam) ebhulohweni lesistimu yokusekela ikhebula. Iningi lamabhuloho ama-truss akhiwe ngensimbi. Ibhuloho le-truss liyisakhiwo esingenalutho, ngakho-ke likwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezinhle kudekhi ephindwe kabili.
Izinzuzo zomkhiqizo
1. umthamo wokuzala ophezulu
2.isivinini sokwakha esisheshayo
3.ukonga amandla kanye nokuvikela imvelo
4. ukubukeka kwesakhiwo esihle
5.ukusebenza okuhle kokuzamazama komhlaba
6.ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi
